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Hindus and Sikhs: Common Suffering - Holocaust of '47 (2nd Edition)
Hindus and Sikhs: Common Suffering during the Holocaust of '47
---------------------------------------------------------------
Second Edition - References to individual posters eliminated, paragraphs
in the narrative reworded and rearranged, 150 more cases of atrocities
added.
Narrative
---------
It has become faishonable for some quarters among extremist Muslims, to
exhort Sikhs to rebel against the Hindus. They contend that Sikhism is
closer to Islam than Hinduism, and the 'Sikhs would be safe living with
the Muslims.' It may sound an enthusiastic appeal to the Sikhs on the
surface, but such assurancs have a clever purpose, as was demonstrated in
the events of year 1947.
Something similar was contended by various Muslim League leaders in the
1945-46 timeframe. So potent was their propaganda that a section of Sikh
political leadership, esp. belonging to the S. Akali Dal, had almost
bought into their propaganda. These Sikh leaders were seriously
considering a proposal wherein the Sikh community would stay in its place
on both sides of the border after the Partition, in some kind of
semi-autonomous arrangement where their rights would be protected. Mr.
Jinnah himself issued such statements, something to the effect that,
Pakistan would be a "secular" state of majority Muslims. [To describe the
immediate pre-partition political scenerio is out of the scope of this
article.]
As it turned out in the immediate aftermath of such political manouvering
by the League leaders, that this was just a smokescreen, and the real
motivation of Muslim leaders was to give false assurances to the
minorities for their safety in both parts of the Pakistan-to-be, so that
they don't leave their hearths and homes. Thus making a large population
of the Kafirs available to be thrown to the Islamist goondas and wolves,
when the right time comes. The real intention of Muslim leaders was to
inflict the maximum possible damage to the minorities (both Hindus and
Sikhs), in all possible ways - life, property and conversion. This bare
fact indicates that Muslim leaders did not want non-Muslims to just
leave, in peace or otherwise, the part of India which they would gobble
up. Instead, they wanted to eliminate them once and for all.
Why did the non-Muslims (Hindus and Sikhs) buy into their propaganda? It
was perhaps the inherent goodness and feeling of brotherhood among Hindus
and Sikhs which made them trust the conniving Muslim political leaders
and the clergy. For example, the Muslim leaders took an oath on the Holy
Koran, saying that they would protect the minorities at all cost. It was
foolish of Hindus and Sikhs to trust them. The way a Hindu would think of
the Gita, or a Sikh would think of Guru Granth Sahib, HE would also think
of the Holy Koran. But this is where he made the fatal mistake. He judged
the Holy Book from its cover, not the contents. When HE saw that Muslim
leaders taking an oath on the Koran, HE for a moment thought that HE
would be protected. But the Muslim leaders, the Muslim clergy, the Muslim
mobs, and the Muslim goondas did the opposite! Does this mean to say that
the Muslim extremists betrayed their holy book? Of course not! The
foolish Kafirs (Hindu and Sikh) did not know that the extremist Muslims
were being *extremely* faithful to their scripture. Why? Since it is
written in the Koran 'slay the Kafirs,' the extremist Muslims were only
implementing what was expected of them. So even if taking oath on the
Koran meant momentarily lying, it was just fine. Because that's how they
were going to be able to eliminate the maximum possible 'Kufr' from this
earth. If they woudn't have lied then the Kufr obviously either would
have made arrangements for its security, or in the worst case would have
fled across the Radcliffe Line-to-be. [Here I am not blaming the Muslim
masses or the Islamic theology, only their leaders and the clergy. At
this discrete point, based on whatever little or more I know about the
Holy Koran and Islam, I would think of Islamic theology as nuclear
energy. It depends on the user to use it as atomic weapons or to generate
electricity. Hope this analogy explains the author's personal perception
of Islam.]
Perhaps even that early Muslim leaders had made up their minds of not
limiting themselves to Pakistan, but penetrate later into the residual
India, and affect a pogrom of further converting the leftover Darul-Harab
into Darul-Islam. As the events have turned out since then, the Islamic
jihadists have been near successful in Kashmir, and now are eyeing the
rest of India.
And what our pundits are up to? For example, the likes of Kuldip Nayars
and Khushwant Singhs, themselves the victims of Partition, who turned a
blind eye to such continuity in the pogrom of Jihadists, are certainly
guilty of victimizing the current and future generations of Kafirs in the
left-over or residual India, as the Kafir (Hindus, Sikhs and others)
intelligentsia has bought their argument that horrors of Partition were a
one time thing, and it will never happen in the future. Those who disgree
with such worthies have been time and again labeled as 'communalists',
'fanatics', 'revivalists', 'chauvinists' and what not.
What has happened in the Valley, and now happening in Doda, has once
again disproved the contention that horrors of Partition were a one time
thing. It has happened in the past, it is happening now and will continue
to happen until the real reason behind these events are investigated and
debated.
Another point which could be raised by the opponents is that in East
Punjab, with the exception of Malerkotla (princely) state, very few
muslims remain. Very valid point. However, it is important to know the
nature of violence in the Eastern Punjab. Towns like Jalandhar had 70%
muslims. True, these people moved out to Pakistan eventually. But only
after inflicting heavy damage on their Hindu and Sikh neighbors. Whatever
counter-violence they faced was purely a retaliation done MUCH AFTER what
happened in West Pakistan. The dates are given above to compare the
violence on both sides of the border. Also, the govt. machinery in the
Eastern side was neutral, and protected the Muslims and Hindus and Sikhs
alike, whereever they could, whereas on the other side Muslim police and
army took part in attacking the Hindus and Sikhs. Overall, the
examination of the nature of violence in East Punjab can be a topic for
another comprehensive article.
Coming back to the central theme of this article. Do jihadists
differentiate between Hindus and Sikhs? Yes or No? What is the real
answer? What treatment Islam has meted out to both the communities? Is it
the same, or it has different standards to deal with the two communities?
Answers can be found in the events of Partition, when in the undivided
Punjab the three (Punjabi) communities were faced with their tryst with
destiny. It was no longer a case of few political leaders squabbaling or
religious leaders debating philosophical points or political opportunists
making hay in broad daylight, IT WAS AN AVERAGE PUNJABI MUSLIM AGAINST AN
AVERAGE PUNJABI HINDU AND SIKH.
Another word on behaviour patterns of people -- even though their leaders
may squabble politically, if two communities are inherently close, the
average common man who may even take sides with their political
leadership, generally will not murder or rape his neighbour. Whatever
Muslim mobs did to their Hindu and Sikh bretheren during Partition is no
longer an exception, since such a large numbers participated in this
genocide. Did a common culture, i.e. Punjabiat, had the requisite power
to stop Punjabi muslims from committing this genocide? Yes or No? Was
(and is) Punjabiat (or for that matter any other culture) powerful enough
to override the passions generated among the Muslim masses to kill and
rape their fellow non-Muslims? Yes or No? The answers to these questions
are very troubling indeed.
As far as Muslim attitude towards Hindus and Sikhs is concerned,
arguments like Hindus and Sikhs are one, or Hindus and Siks are
different, are useless and meaningless. Islam does not differentiate
between the two. Hindus and Sikhs, together or apart, are still Kafirs in
the eyes of Islam. For argument sake, let's say Khalistan (whatever it
means) comes into being. However, for Pakistan's sake it is still going
to be Darul-Harab. No matter how hard the negationists try, are they
going to change Islam? Do they possess the power to do so?
(*--------------------------------------------------------------*)
A note on Atrocities on Kafir women :- In quite a few cases the most
shocking brutalities were committed on Kafir women, e.g. cutting off
ears, noses and breasts; or after committing gang rape, shoving a dagger
or a sword up the womanÕs vagina while she was still alive, and cutting
her up from inside in the Islamic way of slaughtering animals (ÔHalalÕ)
-- slowly cutting the flesh, without lifting the implement, thus slowly
bleeding her to death. {Note that this phenomenon was, and still is,
repeated by the Jihadists in Kashmir.}
However, a lot of girls and young women were abducted and ÔdistributedÕ
among the Muslims, and were (forcibly) Òmarried offÓ to Muslims by the
Qazis and the Moulvis. Lot of these girls were later rescued and taken to
India. A pattern which emerges from the documented cases shows that the
Momin preference for Kafir men and old women was death (or forcible
conversion), whereas young women (plus children) were ÒsavedÓ for the
Momins, in order to increase the Momin population later on. It did not
interfere with the married status of the Momins, since there are
religious sanctions for them to have four wives. In cases, where this
number was crossed, the Kafir women were just kept as part of the MominÕs
Harem.
Partial List of Incidents and Atrocities Done to the Sikhs and Hindus
-------------------------------------------------------------
While reading this list, it must be kept in mind that:
(a) By no means the list is full. Perhaps, one has to multiply hundred or
thousand times to get a fuller picture. This list serves as a window only.
(b) During the Partition, the media had not penetrated into the Punjabi
hinterland. Most of the sources have been goverment reports, civil and
military gazzettes, eyewitness accounts and stray media reports.
(c) I have a list of approx. 600 such incidents (in West Pakistan alone),
out of which I will be able to list very few (due to lack of time on my
part).
(d) Most importantly, the list gives only a miniscule window on how the
Punjabi Muslim Masses treated their Hindu and Sikh brothers, and the
common suffering of both the communities.
(e) There is a saying that one killing is a murder, whereas mass murder
is a statistic. The enormity of atrocities committed by Muslims during
and after Partition has never been comprehended to its fullest extent by
the Indian masses. They were wittingly or unwittingly suppressed by the
Congress political establishment, media and the intellectuals in India.
All had their own reasons. There was very little media, and it was busy
with too many issue and events at that time. Nehruvian Congressmen wanted
to save their Muslim vote-banks in Residual India, and Marxist infested
intelligentsia, mostly Hindu, had a queer attitude towards Hindus (and
Sikhs).
The Partial List
--------------
Additional Note: For those who are unfamiliar with West Punjab
geography:- District of Gujrat is not to be confused with the Indian
state of Gujarat; Dist. LyallpurÕs name was changed to Faisalabad.
Format :-
No.:
Place(s) of Occurrence:
District:
Date(s):
Assailants:
Atrocities Committed (very brief):
1. Bata, Hazara; 14/12-16/12/46; Muslim mob; One Gurudwara and one Hindu
house burned. One Sikh murdered, two women wounded.
2. Sihalian, Hazara; 19/12/46; Muslim mob; Two Hindus killed.
3. Samadhra, Hazara; 10/12/46; Muslim mob; Gurudwara burnt.
4. Jabori, Hazara; 12/12/46; Muslim mob; 16 Hindu evacuees to Manshera
waylaid and killed.
5. Sankiari, Hazara; Middle Dec. '46; Muslim mob; Hindu temples broken
and murtis desecrated.
6. Balakot Hazara; Middle Dec. '46; Muslim mob; One Sikh killed for
refusing to embrace Islam.
7. Bhata, Hazara; Middle Dec. '46; Muslim mob; 116 Sikhs burnt alive,
several shot dead.
8. Mallachh, Hazara; 3/1/47; Muslim mob; 115 Hindus and Sikhs killed,
large scale looting and arson, women abducted.
9. Dakhali Siar, Hazara; 10/1/47; Muslim mob; Sikhs' houses looted and burnt.
10. Jhan, Campbellpur; Early march '47; Muslim mob; 150 Sikhs killed,
their houses burnt.
11-14. Taurwan (tehsil Talagang), Dhurnala, Dhiba, Suka, Panchnad; All
Campbellpur; 4/9/47 and after; Muslim mob; Jehad declared by Moulvis
against Hindus and Sikhs. Massacare of Sikhs in Dhurnala Dhiba, Suka and
Panchnad, besides Taurwan. Women and children abducted on a large scale.
In many places false promises of safety given to Hindus and Sikhs. Whole
area overrun.
15. Narali (tehsil Gujarkhan); Rawalpindi; 12/3/47; Muslim mob; Attacking
force 15,000, Gurudwara attacked repeatedly. Hindus and Sikhs besieged
inside gurudwara put up stiff resistance, several hindus and sikhs
killed, large scale looting of hindus and sikhs.
16. Dhudial, Rawalpindi; 13/3/47 and 13/3/47; Muslim mob; First attack
resisted by the Sikhs. Large scale looting and arson of Sikh houses,
besides 314 houses, 4 gurudwaras, Hind-Iran Bank and Khalsa High School
burnt. Many sikhs slaughtered.
17. Adiala, Rawalpindi; 8/3/47; Muslim mob; Mobs collected by beat of
drums, false alarm of sikh attack raised, large scale looting, arson in
Hindu-sikh quarters, Hindus and Sikhs fereted out and burnt alive,
stabbed and shot dead, 40 forcibly converted, muslim police looked the
other way and did nothing about the attack.
18. Gorsian (tehsil Gujarkhan); Rawalpindi; 10/3/47; Muslim mob;
Attacking force 600, Muslims persuaded that to kill sikhs a holy deed,
several sikhs killed, large scale looting.
19. Ghugg, Jhelum; Early March '47; Muslim mob; 128 sikhs killed, large
scale arson and looting, 40 women abducted.
20. Mandra, Rawalpindi; 9/3/47; Muslim mob; large scale looting and arson
of hindu sikh businesses, 200 sikhs killed, 40 missing, Gurudwara and
School burnt.
21. Rajar (tehsil Fatehjung), Campbellpur; 10/3/47; Muslim mob; Mob armed
with rifles, 300 sikhs killed, 3 Gurudwaras burnt and Sikh scriptures
desecrated, 16 sikhs incl. women and children burnt alive, all Sikh
houses looted and burnt, 95 women abducted and forcibly married to Muslims.
22. Jia Bagha, Jhelum; Early March, 1947; Muslim mob; 18 sikhs killed, 52
forcibly converted, 66 sikhs houses burnt.
23. Sarkal Kaser, Jhelum; Early March '47; Muslim mob; 43 sikhs and
hindus killed, rest forcibly converted, most hindu-sikh houses burnt.
24. Darwal, Jhelum; Early March '47; Muslim mob; 9 Hindus and Sikhs
killed, 80 forcibly converted, 50 Hindu-sikh houses burnt.
25. Narang, Jhelum; Early March '47; Musim mob; 6 Hindus and Sikhs killed
over 100 Hindu-Sikh houses burnt.
26. Bhasin, Jhelum; Early March '47; Muslim mob; 35 Hindu-Sikh houses
burnt and looted.
27. Chak Sewak, Jhelum, Early March '47; Muslim mob; All Hindu-Sikh
houses looted.
28. Bhagwal, Jhelum, Early March '47; Muslim mob; All Hindu-Sikh houses
looted.
29. Athwal, Jhelum, Early March '47; Muslim mob; 10 Hindu-Sikh houses
looted and burnt.
30. Tahar, Jhelum, 7/3/47 and later, Muslim mob; All hindu-Sikh houses
looted.
31. Mangwal, Jhelum, 7/3/47 and later, Muslim mob; Almost all Hindu-sikh
houses looted.
32. Sahola, Jhelum, 7/3/47 and later, Muslim mob; All Hindu-Sikh houses
looted and burnt.
33-34. Jhanel, Fatahi; Jhelum; 7/3/47 and onwards; Muslim mob; one
non-Muslim killed.
35. Rupwal, Jhelum; 7/3/47 and onwards; Muslim mob; one non-Muslim killed.
36. Ranjha, Jhelum; 7/3/47 and onwards; Muslim mob; one Gurudwara burned.
37. Dharogi, Jhelum; 7/3/47 and later; Muslim mob; Some hindu-Sikh houses
looted and burnt.
38. Namazian, Jhelum; 7/3/47 and later; Muslim mob; 5 hindu-Sikh houses
burnt and looted.
39-42. Tarakwal, Deri Dhok, Hasail, Dhab Kalan; Dist. Jhelum; 7/3/47 and
later; Muslim mob; Hindus and Sikh houses looted and burnt in all these
villages.
43. 128 villages, Rawalpindi; 7/3/47; Muslim mob; Villages attacked,
Hindus and Sikhs killed, No. of killed estimated at 7,000. Other
casualties in proportion, houses burnt and looted, Gurudwaras attacked
and burnt, Approx 1,000 women abducted.
44. 23 villages, Campbellpur; 7/3/47 and onwards; Muslim mob; 610 Hindus
and Sikhs killed, 1,656 Hindu-Sikh houses incl. Gurudwaras burnt and
looted. 1,471 forcibly converted, aprox 1,000 women and children abducted.
45. Garhi Habibullah, Abbottabad (Tehsil Manshera); 18/12/46 and 14/3/47;
Muslim mob; One Hindu abducted and killed 18/12/46, On 14/3/47 8
Hindu-Sikh houses burnt and 4 temples-gurudwaras burnt, large scale
looting by the muslims, Several Hindus and Sikhs killed.
46. Ramgarh (Tehsil Kharian), Dist. Gujrat; 14/3/37 and 15/3/47; Muslim
mob; Hindus and Sikhs extensively looted.
47-50. Batal, Uggi, Sum Ilahi Mung, Garhi Jalli, Dist. Hazara; 7/12/46
and 9/12/46; Muslim mob; 11 Hindus and Sahejdhari sikhs killed in Batal,
11 wounded, looting of Hindu-Sikh houses. Bazar of Uggi burnt and Sikh
shops burnt, 5 Hindus and Sikhs killed, Hindu-Sikh evacuees attacked, 14
killed, 27 injured, gurudwaras burnt.
51-52. Havelian, Lahora; Hazara; 8/12/46 - Jan. '47; Muslim Mob; Stray
killing of Sikhs and Hindus; By end of December all Hindus and Sikhs had
fled Havelian.
53-55. Mohri, Diwal, Akhroota; Hazara; End of Dec. '46; Muslim mob;
Hindus and Sikhs surrounded and attacked, their housed looted and burnt,
killing of Hindus and Sikhs with brutality, women abducted.
56. Pipal; Hazara; 27/12/46; Muslim mob; False alarm of attack on Muslims
by Sikhs raised, all Sikh and Hindu houses looted.
57. Jaba; Hazara; 26/12/46 to 29/12/46; Muslim mob; Sikhs waylaid and
brutally killed, Sikhs' houses looted.
58. Gohra; Hazara; End of Dec. '46; Muslim mob; All Hindus and Sikhs looted.
59. Phulgara; Hazara; End of Dec. '46; Muslim mob; All Hindus forcibly
converted.
60. Dhanak; Hazara; End of Dec. '46; Muslim mob; Two Sikhs brutally
murdered in the Muslim sacrificial way ('Halal'), one's brother later
killed, Hindu-Sikh houses burnt and looted completely, one woman hacked
with the most shocking brutality.
61. Muh; Hazara; End of Dec. '46; Muslim mob; Entire village burnt
including the Gurudwara.
62. Karchhan; Hazara; End of Dec. '46; Muslim mob; Entire village burnt
incl. 2 Gurudwaras.
63. Daddar; Hazara; 11/12/46; Muslim mob; 40 Hindus and Sikh evacuees
waylaid, 10 killed, rest seriously wounded, all looted.
64. Hazara Dist. (NWFP); Hazara; 8/3/47 and 10 days after; Muslim mob;
Gurudwaras in villages Jagil, Siripot, Kalingair Niroli, Sarai Niamat
Khan, Siria, Chhajian, burnt, Sikhs forcibly converted, Sikh scriptures
desecrated, this was second round of attacks on the Sikhs, the first
having come in Jan. '47.
65-66. Villages Pand and Tali Pandi; Campbellpur; 9/3/47; Muslim mob;
Large-scale arson in Sikh houses in villages, looting, ultimatum given to
Sikhs to embrace Islam, Sikhs forcibly converted, those Sikhs who refused
to be converted brutally done to death, including old women and children,
some Sikhs burnt alive.
67. Dhudhambar (Tehsil Fatehjung); Campbellpur; 1/3/47; Muslim mob; Sikh
houses burnt and looted, Sikhs forcibly converted and killed.
68. Dhari; Campbellpur; 8/3/47; Muslim mob; Houses of Sikhs burnt and
looted, mobs advanced to attack with drum beating, large scale murder of
Sikhs including women and children, brutalities committed, Sikhs forcibly
converted and shaved, forced to swallow beef.
69-80. Pindi Gheb, Khunda, Kasran, Bhakot, Mathial, Kannath, Dumel,
Basal, Mianwala, Jhattan, Jand and many other places; Campbellpur; Early
March '47; Muslim mob; Hindus and Sikhs of all these places looted,
butchered, and forcibly converted, women abducted and raped, large scale
arson, these criminal activities done with drum beating and under Muslim
League flag, Gurudwaras burnt and looted.
81. Panal; Campbellpur; Early March '47; Muslim mob; Village burnt along
with its Gurudwara, 150 Hindus and Sikhs out of the total population of
160 killed.
82. Rajar; Campbellpur; Early March '47; Muslim mob; Total Hindu-Sikh
population wiped out, killed with lethal weapons and some burnt alive.
83. Jhan; Campbellpur; Early March '47; Muslim mob; Total Hindu-Sikh
population wiped out.
84. Chakri; Campbellpur; Early March '47; Muslim mob; Number of Sikhs
incl. women and children killed.
85. Chauntra; Campbellpur; Early March '47; Muslim mob; All Sikhs
forcibly converted.
86. Sangral; Campbellpur; Early March '47; Muslim mob; Sikhs and Hindus
forcibly converted, their womenfolk given over to Muslims.
87. Adhwal; Rawalpindi; Early March '47; Muslim mob; Large part of the
Village burnt.
88. Mughal; Rawalpindi; 8/3/47; Muslim mob; 141 Sikhs killed, only about
a dozen survived, gurudwara burnt.
89. Machhian; Rawalpindi; 11/3/47; Muslim mob; 200 Sikhs killed,
gurudwara burnt, all males killed, women and children abducted.
90. Nakrali; Rawalpindi; 9/3/47; Muslim mob; Some Sikhs killed and some
women immolated themselves to escape rape, 40 Sikhs forcibly converted,
Gurudwara burnt and looted.
91. Bhagpur; Rawalpindi; 7/3/47; Muslim mob; Almost entire Sikh
population wiped out, incl. women and children, Gurudwara burnt.
92. Thoha Khalsa; Rawalpindi; 12/3/47; Muslim mob; About 200 Sikhs
killed; 93 women committed suicide to escape rape, large scale destruction.
93. Thamali, Rawalpindi; 8/3/47; Muslim mob; 400 Sikhs killed; One
gurudwara and one School bldg. burnt, only about 20 survived.
94. Sayad, Rawalpindi; 11/3/47; Muslim mob; About 20 Sikhs killed, some
forcibly converted, one gurudwara burnt.
95. Balaksar (Tehsil Chakwal); Jhelum; 11/3/47; Muslim mob; One Sikh
murdered in the beginning, later a Muslim mob of 400 collected and
attacked Hindus and Sikhs.
96. Wasnal (Tehsil Pind Dadan Khan); Jhelum; 11/3/47; Muslim mob; Hindus
and Sikhs besieged and later removed to a refugee camp.
97. Mohotta (Police Station Chauntra); Campbellpur; 11/3/47; Muslim mob;
Sikhs and hindus' houses burnt and looted.
98. Gung (Teh. Chakwal); Jhelum; 13/3/47; Muslim mob; Gurudwara attacked
when Sikhs had assembled for worship. Out of 123 present, 16 butchered
and thrown into fire, large number of children burnt alive, 15-16 young
women abducted.
99. Gah; Jhelum; 13/3/47; Muslim mob; Gurudwara attacked and looted, 20
Hindus and Sikhs killed, others forcibly converted.
100. Waswal; Jhelum; 13/3/47; Muslim mob; 10 Hindus and Sikhs murdered
(incl. children and women), shocking brutalities committed.
101. Thomal Kamal; Jhelum; 13/3/47; Muslim mob; 8 Hindu and Sikhs killed,
other forcibly converted.
102. Sarkal Kana; Jhelum; 13/3/47; Muslim mob; 6 Gurudwaras and 40 Hindu
and Sikh houses burnt, 43 Hindus and Sikhs murdered.
103. Narang (important Sikh village); Jhelum; 11/3 to 13/3/47; Muslim
mob; 7 Hindus and Sikhs killed, 20 forcibly converted, 100 young women
abducted.
104. Kasba Maral; Multan; Middle March '47; Muslim mob; Sikhs shot, SOS
to the SGPC, Amritsar describing in deeply moving words the destruction
wrought by Muslim mobs in their neighboring villages and fearing like
fate for themselves, Gurudwaras extensively burnt, scriptures desecrated,
Sikhs murdered.
105. Chaklala; Rawalpindi; 8/3/47; Muslim mob; Sikhs houses burnt,
occupants killed.
106. Multan; Multan; 5/3/47 and after for several days; Muslim mob;
Sudden and swift attack on Hindus and Sikhs, approx. 200 killed, even
patients in T.B. Hospital stabbed, looting on an extensive scale, one
Sayad directed operations against Hindus and Sikhs on a white horse, with
police connivance, villagers in the area attacked simultaneously, large
scale destruction done.
107. Tragger; Multan; 9/3/47 and 10/3/47; Muslim mob and the Police;
Looting, arson of Hindus and Sikhs houses with police connivance, 140
houses burnt, 21 Hindus and Sikhs murdered.
108. Multan; Multan; 5/3/47; Muslim mob and the Police; Procession of
Hindu and Sikh students brutally attacked by the Muslim mob, students
killed, Hindu shops looted and burnt, Sikh and Hindu holy scriptures
burnt and desecrated, Muslim goondas carried to villages in Police
lorries which were actually provided for relief work, Eight Hindu-owned
factories destroyed.
109. Shujabad Tehsil; Multan; 7/3/47 and after; Muslim mob, police and
the Muslim military; Attack on Hindus of village Aliwala, then Hindus of
villages Chajju Chak, Thochipura and Bhojewala also looted, large scale
arson and murder of Hindus, Muslims gave false assurances of safety to
the Hindus, women molested and abducted, the Military did not arrest the
culprits, false alarm of Sikh attack on Muslims was raised to incite the
Muslim mob to collect, 50 more villages were looted and burnt, forcible
conversions, villages Traggar, Matotali, Basti ahir, Shujrawan Jhakkar,
Bukhi, Lashkiwala, etc. are some of the more prominent which were
attacked, Ears and noses of women cut off, women raped in presence of
husbands, brothers, fathers and sons, peace messengers murdered, Hindus
wiped out ober an area of approx. 500 sq. miles in this sector.
110. Banda; Rawalpindi; 8/3/47; Muslim mob; About 20 Sikhs killed incl.
women and children, gurudwara burnt.
111. Bemali; Rawalpindi; 8/3/47; Muslim mob; About 80 Sikhs killed, more
than 105 women abducted, some Sikhs killed their own women to avoid rape
and dishonour.
112. Tarlai; Rawalpindi; 9/3/47; Muslim mob; About 40 Sikhs killed, incl.
women and children, Gurudwara burnt.
113. Harial; Rawalpindi; 9/3/47; Muslim mob; About 20 Sikhs killed; About
40 women abducted, Gurudwara burnt.
114. Harnali; Rawalpindi; 9/3/47; Muslim mob; About 20 Sikhs killed, 25
women abducted, brutalities commited, gurudwara burnt.
115. Tainch; Rawalpindi; 7/3/47; Muslim mob; 22 Sikhs killed, incl. 10
women, Gurudwara burnt.
116. Takht Pari; Rawalpindi; 8/3/47; Muslim mob; Women abducted,
large-scale looting, Gurudwara burnt.
117. Sagari; Rawalpindi; 7/3/47 and 9/3/47; Muslim mob; 2 Gurudwaras and
the Khalsa High School burnt, Women abducted and Sikhs killed.
118. Mankaiali; Rawalpindi; 8/3/47; Muslim mob; 1 sikh woman killed,
Gurudwara burnt.
119. Kahuta; Rawalpindi; 8/3/47; Muslim mob; 60 Sikhs killed, extensive
looting, 500 women abducted, Gurudwara burnt.
120. Dera Khalsa; Rawalpindi; 8/3/47; Muslim mob; Gurudwara burnt and
some Sikhs killed.
121. Sukho; Rawalpindi; 10/3/47; Muslim mob; Stiff resistance put up by
Sikhs, Girls' School and Gurudwara burnt.
122-123. Viran Datta, Kotla Pathanan; Gurdaspur (now Sialkot); 24/8/47
and 26/8/47; Muslim mob and Military; Villages attacked and Hindus and
Sikhs looted and killed, large no. of women abducted, forcible conversions.
124. Chak 38B (tehsil Sargodha), Chak 29; Sargodha; 28/8/47; Muslim mob
and military; Large no. of Sikhs killed in these Chaks, others forced to
evacuate to India in destitute state.
125. Bhattian (Dist. Rahim Yar Khan); Bahawalpur State; 23/9/47; Muslims
officials and military; False assurances given to 4,000 Sikhs collected
in this village for safety, Sikhs extensively looted, Out of 4,000 only
660 survived, 700 young women abducted.
126-127. Chhajjoke and Korotana; Gujranwala; End of 8/47; Muslim mob;
Large no. of Sikhs killed and women abducted.
128. Bahawalpur; Bahawalpur State; End of Aug. '47; Muslim officials; All
Sikhs in town arrested, their womenfolk abducted and their house looted.
129. Gujranwala Dist.;; End of 8/47; Muslim mob; Total no. of Sikhs
killed in this area are estimated at 15,000.
130. Refugee Train (Wazirabad and Lahore Rly. Stns.); Gujranwala and
Lahore; 23/9/47 and 24/9/47; Muslim military; Trains attacked, in both
incidents about 1,000 Hindus and Sikhs killed.
131. Gujrat; Gujrat; 23/9/47 and 24/9/47; No. of Hindus and Sikhs killed
in this dist. are est. at 10,000 (2 days).
132. Bujragwal (tehsil Kharian); Gujrat; End of Aug. '47; Muslim mob;
Village attacked, Hindus and Sikhs besieged and later evacuated.
133. Pul Kanjari (border village); Amritsar; Last Half of August and
After; Muslim assailants ; Many Hindus and Sikhs of this border village
killed, constant sniper fire from the Pakistani side.
134. Jagatpura (border village); Amritsar; 14/9/47; Muslim military;
Attack by military on lorries from Pakistani side, several Sikhs killed.
135. Lahore; Lahore; First Week of Oct. '47; Muslim mob; 9 Sikh prisoners
released from Jail and then immediately stabbed at the Jail gate.
136. Nanaksar, Basti Gagishah; Jhang; 25/8/47 and after; Muslim mob;
Gurudwaras burnt, general killing of Sikhs and Hindus.
137. Jhelum; Jhelum; End of Aug. '47; Muslim mob, Police and military;
Sikhs and Hindus killed.
138. Chak 37; Lyallpur (now Faisalabad); 4/9/47; Muslim Military; Refugee
train (Lahore-Shorkat) stopped near this Sikh village; Armed attack by
Muslim military; 50 Sikhs killed.
139. Lyallpur, Lyallpur; End of Aug. and early Sept. '47; Muslim police
and mob; One Sikh's hands cut off with his own kirpan, but the Sikh put
under arrest, Hindu and Sikh property extensively looted, two Sikhs
stabbed near Clock Tower in front of officials, 12 Sikhs stabbed during
curfew hours, during which Muslims were allowed to roam freely, one Hindu
woman snatched by Muslim Janglis from her husband when the couple were
going to the Airport to flee to India.
140. Udhowali (Police Station Dijkot); Lyallpur; 6/10/47; Muslim police
and military; One Sikh convoy from this area attacked by the Muslim
police and military near Ballakoli Head, several Sikhs killed.
141. Sialkot; Sialkot; 12/8/47 and after; Muslim mob, police and
military; On 12/8/47 cases of stabbing by Muslims, resulting in 5
Hindu-Sikh casualties, on 13th Aug. Muslims began a vigourous campaign of
arson, loot and murder resulting in large no. of Hindu-Sikh casualties,
survivors fled to Rly. Stn. for safety, where a train full of Hindu-Sikh
corpses arrived from Wazirabad side, famous Gurudwara Babe di Ber burnt
and inmates shot dead by the Police, other Gurudwaras burnt and looted,
While Hindu-Sikh refugees being brought to India, lorries stopped at Ravi
Road, Lahore, one Muslim motor cyclist went into town and brought with
him a Muslim mob who attacked, killing several and wounding 40, Sikh
military which arrived soon, rescued them.
142. Narowal; Sialkot; 17/8/47; Muslim mob, police and military; large
scale looting and murder of Hindus and Sikhs, those who fled for safety
massacared while crossing Ravi bridge, Sikhs specially marked out for
killing.
143. V. Panj Garain (tehsil Pasrur); Sialkot; 26/8/47; Muslim mob and
police; Out of 300 Hindus and Sikhs of this place only 70 survived, rest
attacked several times on the way to Narowal, forcible conversion of
those who were captured.
144. V. Loharian (tehsil Narowal); Sialkot; 23/8/47; Muslim mob; Attack
made at midnight, people forced to leave hearths and homes in a destitute
state, forcible conversions.
145. Bhikho Chak; Sialkot; 24/8/47; Muslim mob; Party of 130 muslims
attacked Hindus and Sikhs while leaving the village for safety, at Pattan
at Ravi river, 113 killed, only 17 survived.
146. Jalalpur Jattan; Gujrat; 12/8/47 and after; Muslim mob and
officials; Muslims plans murder of Hindus and Sikhs in collusion with
Dist. officials, stabbings started on 13/8/47, on 18/8/47 arson and
murder started on a large scale, trains stopped and wires cut and every
Hindu and Sikh blockaded, large scale killing in the villages, in
Jalalpur Jattan only 1 survivor known, 400 killed.
147. V. Chak 142/92 (tehsil montgomery); Montgomery; 25/8/47 and after;
Muslim Janglis and police; Hindus and Sikhs of this and neighboring
villages collected (approx. number 20,000) in Bara Farm near Montgomery
for shelter, after leaving their houses in a state of destitution.
148. Mirdad Muafi; Montgomery; 25/8/47 and after; Muslim Janglis and
police; Hindus and Sikhs attacked, leave their homes en masse in
destitute state.
149. Kila Sardha Singh; Montgomery; 28/8/47; Muslim mob and military;
large no. of sikhs killed, loot and arson on a large scale.
150. Chak 16/14L; Montgomery; End of Aug. '47; Muslim mob and police;
Police from Shahkot and Kassowal Thanas attacked this village, huge
looting by the muslims, Hindus and Sikhs left ina destitute state.
151. Mengian; Sialkot; Mid Aug. '47; Muslim mob, police and military;
Hindus and Sikhs forced to quit in a destitute state.
152. Sambrial; Sialkot; 16/8/47; Muslim mob; Several Hindus and Sikhs
killed, about 2 dozen forcibly converted, who were later killed,
survivors turned out in a destitute state.
153. Rahimpur, Nangal Dunna Singh; Gujranwala; 22/8-23/8/47; Muslim mob;
both villages attacked, hindus and Sikhs looted.
154. Singhpura (a suburb of Lahore - Sikh locality); Lahore; 12/8/47;
Muslim mob and police; 4 persons murdered, houses set on fire.
155. Kila Sura Singh; Gujrat; End of Aug. Ô47; Muslim mob; Half a dozen
Hindus and Sikhs killed, rest turned out in a destitute state.
156. Hamirpur Sandhuan; Gujranwala; End of Aug. Ô47; Muslim mob; 5 Hindus
killed and several women abducted.
157. Khan Khasa (tehsil Narowal); Sialkot; 24/8/47; Muslim mob, military
and police; several Hindus and Sikhs killed, rest forcibly converted.
158. Chak Ramdas; Gujranwala; 23/8/47; Muslim police; Police surrounded
this village to destroy Hindus and Sikhs, people however escaped during
night through a gap, attacked several places on their way to Amritsar,
women snatched away.
159. Kiska Kola (tehsil Wazirabad); Gujranwala; Sept. Ô47; Muslim mob;
One Sikh killed, rest forcibly converted.
160. Kamoke (important trading town); Gujranwala; 16/8/47 and after;
Muslim military and police; On arrival of Muslim military looting and
murder of Hindus and Sikhs started, on 16/8/47 10 bags of rice and one
truck looted, one woman shot dead, several attacks on 21/8/47 when police
took half a dozen Hindus out of their houses and shot them dead, on
23/8/47, 8 rice husking factories owned by Hindus and Sikhs and houses
burnt, Central Bank looted, wheat worth 4 lakhs looted, on 24/8/47
Gurudwara Damdama Sahib attacked, the Granthi and several sikhs killed by
the muslim mob of 1,000, later 150 more killed while sheltering in
private houses, refugee train attacked and passengers massacared en masse.
161. Wazirabad (important Rly. junction and tehsil town); Gujranwala;
12/8/47; muslim mobs, military and the police; Trains leaving for
Amritsar attacked at Mughalpura near Lahore and almost all Hindu and Sikh
passengers murdered, on 13/8/47 general massacare of Hindus and Sikhs at
Wazirabad Mandi, market burnt and huge looting, same day general looting
of bazar, and all available Hindus and Sikhs murdered, trains from
Wazirabad stopped near Nizamabad and Muslim goondas joined Muslim
military in murdering Hindu and Sikh passengers, 6 women abducted from
this train alone, a total of approx. 500 Hindus and Sikhs killed on this
train, rly. track to Jammu removed, train again attacked but saved by
Sikh military escort.
162. Ladhewala; Gujranwala; 24/8/47; Muslim police and military; Large
scale arson, looting and murder of Hindus and Sikhs, many neighboring
villages met the same fate.
163. Bhopalwala; Sialkot; End of Aug. Ô47; Muslim mob; Attack on
Gurudwara Bali Sahib by 400 muslims, burning Gurudwara and killing inmates.
164. Bhawanipur (tehsil Shakargarh); Gurdaspur (now Sialkot); 24/8/47;
Muslim mob; Attacked Hindus and Sikhs hid in sugarcane crop, false
promise of safety given to these people, all killed who came out
believing these promises, many young girls abducted.
165. Dhamoli; Gujranwala; 22/8 to 24/8/47; Muslim mob; Out of a
population of about 700 Hindus and Sikhs, only 50 were traced, rest
murdered, several forcibly converted.
166. Ramnagar; Gujranwala; 17/8/47; Muslim mob; Murder of a Sikh, general
arson and looting of Sikhs and Hindus, who later fled in a destitute state.
167. Gujranwala; Gujranwala; 27/8/47; Muslim police and officials; In the
midst of general massacare, arson and looting of Hindus and Sikhs, 14
members of the family of Dr. Tej Bhan murdered in the presence of the D.C.
168. Khiyali; Sargodha; 16/8/47; Muslim mob; Large scale killing of
Hindus and Sikhs.
169. Hamidpur Kalan; Gujranwala; 24/8/47; Muslim police and military;
Entire Hindu and Sikh population wiped out.
170. Lala Musa; Gujrat; 18/8/47; Muslim mob; False cry raised by Muslims
that Sikhs attacked Muslims, entire town blockaded and attack started by
Muslims, large scale looting and arson, three big Gurudwaras burnt and
inmates burnt alive.
171-177. Kotla Kasmi, Jhetta pur, Kunjah, Kang, Shadiwal, Kiladar,
Chuhamal; Gujrat; Mid. Aug. Ô47; Muslim mob; All these villages burnt,
and Hindus and Sikhs murdered, survivors turned out in destitute state.
178. Tatle Mali; Gujranwala; 28/8/47; Muslim mob and military; Out of 300
Hindu and Sikh residents of this place 200 survived, rest murdered or
forciby converted.
179. Mirzapur; Gujranwala; 27/8/47; Muslim Military; Muslim military
visited village on 27/8/47 and left with the threat that if Sikhs and
Hindus did not leave by the next morning, their houses would be burnt, as
the Hindus and Sikhs left they were attacked by the Muslim mob and the
military and many were killed.
180. Mirza Jan; Gujranwala; 26/8/47; Muslim mob, police and Muslim
National Guards; Attacking force of about 5,000 muslims, 70 Hindus and
Sikhs killed and 100 women abducted.
181. Thapnala; Gujranwala; End of Aug. Ô47; Muslim mob; 4 Muslim villages
attacked Hindus and Sikhs of this village, 17 Hindu-Sikh girls immolated
themselves to escape rape, other residents leave in a destitute state.
182. Wadhon; Gujranwala; 24/8/47; Muslim officials and police; High
Muslim officials including Mohd. Azam, Magistrate, the D.S.P. and S.I. of
Mianabad with Military mob and Muslim National Guards attacked this
village, large-scale killing of Hindus and Sikhs.
183. Lohianwala; Gujranwala; 23/8/47; Muslim mob, Police and Military;
Muslim goondas brought from Lahore and Gujranwala (town) by train and
Hindus and Sikhs attacked, 30 to 40 killed.
184. Wassianwala; Gujranwala; 27/8/47; Muslim mob, military and police;
Sikhs attacked and killed.
185. Dehsar Pain; Gujranwala; 23/8/47; Muslim mob; Hindus and Sikhs
attacked and murdered.
186. Sharifpura; Sheikhupura; 25/8/47; Muslim mob; 50 Hindus and Sikhs
killed.
187. Nagare; Gujranwala; 22/8/47; Muslim mob; 4 Hindus and Sikhs killed,
8 women abducted.
188. Nandpur; Gujranwala; 24/8/47; Muslim mob; 16 Hindus and Sikhs killed.
189. Lohianwala; Gujranwala; End of Aug. Ô47; Muslim military; Train
stopped by Muslim military and the village attacked, 100 Sikhs killed.
190. Wadala Sandhuan; Gujranwala; End of Aug. Ô47; Muslim mob; Forcible
conversions.
191. Dhup Sari; Gujranwala; 25/8/47 or the next day; Muslim mob; 10
Hindus and Sikhs killed.
192. Tarigri; Gujranwala; 29/8/47; Muslim mob, military and police;
Several Hindus and Sikhs killed and many others forcibly converted, who
were later killed too.
193. Lala Musa; Gujrat; 18/8/47; Muslim mob, military and police; Attack
on Hindus and Sikhs, looting on a large-scale by the muslim Military, 3
gurudwaras burnt, repeated attacks, women raped, trains carrying these
refugees stopped near Shahdara and Hindus and Sikhs killed.
194. Pagriwala; Gujrat; 6/10/47; Muslim mob; Hindus and Sikhs
indiscriminately killed.
195. Bahowal; Gujrat; Id day (18/8/47); Muslim mob; Several Hindus and
Sikhs killed, rest took shelter in J&K State.
196. Haiderabad Thal (tehsil Bhakkar); Mianwali; 25/8/47; Muslim mob and
police; Village Sadhwala, Mankera Khiu, Mani, Dhigana, Wiri, Karloowala,
etc. besieged.
197. Randher; Gujrat; 21/8/47; Muslim mob; Killing of Sikhs and forcible
conversions, Beef thrust into mouths of Hindus and Sikhs.
198. Sanowal (police station Jalalpur Jattan); Gujrat; 18/8/47; Muslim
mob; All Sikhs forced to leave in a destitute state.
199. Dera Sikhan (tehsil Phalia); Gujrat; 18/8/47; Muslim mob; Attacking
force of about 5,000, ultimatum given to Sikhs to get converted to Islam,
Sikhs forcibly shaved and circumcised.
200. Dinga; Gujrat; 18/8/47; Muslim mob; 3,300 Sikhs killed (single day).
.................................. 150 cases added since the last
edition; approx. 400 more to be added.
regards,
Rajiv
