Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization, soma, language and script

 Home  Legacy  Images  History  Projects  Research  Get Involved


Images and Maps:

Sarasvati River System  - schematic map; from the Haryana Irrigation Management Institute for the project of a feeder canal from Dadupur (linking with Somb) to join Sarasvati, to keep her perennially flowing up to Pehoa and beyond... Location maps of Har-ki-doon glacier, origin of Sarasvati (Tons) River in relation to Yamunotri and Gangotri.

Solan 

Solan / Paonta Sahib 

Shatadru (Sutlej) River 

Beas & Sutlej 

 

 

 

 

Trekking Map (Yamunotri): Himalayas: 
Origin of Sarasvati (Tons) River from Bandarpunch Massif, Har-ki-dun glacier, W. Garhwal, U.P.
 
 
 

Har-ki-doon trekking map
Netwar (Naitwar) is the place where the Supin River from Har-ki-dun (Sarasvati) glacier and the Rupin River from Rupin glacier join to form the Tons River. Har-ki-dun trek branches from the trekking route to Yamunotri at a place called Navgaon.

 

People of Harkidun Valley - The people of the valley are known as Parwati and worship Duryodhana as a god.Har-ki-Doon Valley/Bandarpunch massif. Situated at an elevation of 3566 m , the valley of Har-ki-Doon, is surrounded by glittering peaks and dense forests. The lush forest cover is abundant in wildlife, and is a veritable paradise for bird-watchers and nature lovers. The trek starts at Netwar, passes through Osla, and ends at Har-ki-Doon. The trek from Netwar to Osla, is through dense forests of chestnuts, walnuts, willows and chinars. The trek from Osla to Har-ki-Doon, is through terraced mountain fields, sylvan meadowsand conifer forests.

   Yamunotri/Tons Valley/Shivling massif. The ideal time to trek is during the rainy season, when the entire valley is abloom with vibrant flowers. During this season the starting point of the trek, is Purola on the Purola - Netwar motor road. Over 1200 ancient archaeological sites (ca. 3000-1500 B.C.) have been discovered on the banks of the Sarasvati River which flowed from Harkidun glacier to the Gulf of Khambat (Arabian Sea). Map: Ancient India: Haraquaiti River (Tributary of Kubha River, Afthanistan); Sarasvati River (Witzel, 1987).

=> => => "THE TREK" :

Stage 1 : Starting at Netwar, trek 12 kms (1380 m) to Saur.

Stage 2: Trek 11 kms (1900 m) to Taluka. Stage 3: Trek 11 kms (2559m) to Osla. Stage 4: Trek 8 kms (3566 m) to Har-ki-Doon.

Maps: Little Rann of Kutch ; Gujarat: Sarasvati River ,

Pushkar; Rajasthan: Sarasvati River, Tributary of Luni River.

Har-ki-dun Glacier, Bandarpunch, W.Garhwal,Himalayas (Valdiya,1996).
 

   Map: Chambal (later named Yamuna) River,  a southern tributary of Ganga captures Sarasvati (Tons) River at PaontaSaheb (Valdiya, 1996).

U-turn of Shatadru (Sutlej) at Ropar; Sutlej joined ancient Sarasvati River at Shatrana (Valdiya, 1996).

 
 
Map: Satellite image: Palaeo Channels of Sutlej and Sarasvati Rivers joining at Shatrana; Signatures Palaeo-Channels of west-ward migration of Sutlej River (Yashpal, 1980).
 Map: Satellite (LANDSAT) images, water-logging near Suratgarh:
palaeo-channel of Sarasvati in Rajasthan (Suratgarh, Anupgarh)(Yashpal, 1980, NRSA, 1996) .
 Map: Satellite (LANDSAT) image: palaeo-channel of Sarasvati River:  water-logging at Suratgarh, disappearance of the channel into the desert at Anupgarh (Kalyanaraman, from UC, Santa Barbara, 1996)Map: Sarasvati River: Dry bed in Bahawalpur, Cholistan (Mughal, 1997).
 

Map 1: Ancient Sarasvati: Shatadru and Yamuna confluence at Shatrana; flowing into Rann of Kutch, Gujarat (Valdiya, 1996). 

Ancient Course of Sarasvati (Hakra) River, dry river bed (Oldham).

Map included in Mohenjodaro Report, showing the dry bed of Hakra.(Sarasvati) River (Marshall, 1931).

 Map: Ancient Sarasvati river draining beyond Rann of Kutch, through Little Rann and Nal Lake into Gulf of Khambat (Nal Lake expands, during monsoon, into Little Rann and into Gulf of Khambat, cutting off the peninsula of Saurashtra from, Ahmedabad (S.R.Rao, Lothal Report; Gazetteers).

 

Satellite composite: The white patch in NW India is the semi-arid zone, which is the Sarasvati River Basin Project Area (Satellite image from European Space Agency).
NW India Satellite map.

 

Satellite image
Mt. Everest in centre; curved lines are glacier courses .

 

Advertise with us!
This site is part of Dharma Universe LLC websites.
Copyrighted 2009-2015, Dharma Universe.